Siri & Dictation with VoiceOver for macOS

With the release of Sierra, Mac users can now use Siri and dictation.

Keyboard Commands for Siri & Dictation

Activate Siri Hold Command + Space
Start and Stop Dictation Press Function twice

It should be noted that the dictation commands will only work if your focus is in a text field. Also, if you’re using a trackpad with the trackpad commander, you can use the two finger double tap to start and stop dictation.

Need More Help?

If you need more help on what you can use Siri to do on Mac, check out this article from Apple Support on Siri for macOS.

VoiceOver for iOS Topic: Resetting your iCloud Password

Before we get started, you’ll need a couple of things: a basic understanding of VoiceOver, your current iCloud Password, your Passcode, and your Security Questions. See the Frequently Asked Questions section below if you’re unsure about any of these terms.

For more advanced users, here is a path for changing the iCloud password: Settings to iCloud to Account (your name and email) to Password & Security to Change Password.

Step 1

Open the Settings app. If you’re having a difficult time finding the app, simply ask Siri to “Open Settings” or you can skip down to step 3 by asking Siri to “Open iCloud Settings”.

Step 2

Move the focus down the Settings menu until you find the “iCloud Button”, which is located after the “Privacy Button” and before the “iTunes & App Store Button”. Open the iCloud settings menu by activating the iCloud button.

Step 3

Move the focus down the iCloud Settings Menu until you hear your name and email address announced as a button – this button will open your iCloud Account Settings. This option should appear as one of the first choices on the menu, coming after the “iCloud Heading” and before the “Family Button”. Open your iCloud account settings.

Step 4

At this point, you’ll likely encounter an alert asking you to “Sign In to iCloud”. This should be pretty familiar for iOS users. Simply use the onscreen keyboard to enter your current iCloud password. If your password doesn’t work, you can read abouttroubleshooting your iCloud password below. Now, move the focus down to the “Password & Security Button” which will appear after the “Contact Information Button” and before the “Devices Button”. Open Password & Security settings by activating the Password and Security button.

Step 5

Move the focus down to the “Change Password Button” which you should find after the “Password & Security Heading” and before the “Change Security Questions Button”. Open Change Password settings by activating the Change Password button.

Step 6

Depending on your settings, at this point you’ll either be asked to input your Passcode or you’ll be prompted to answer your security questions. If you hear “Passcode” you’ll use the onscreen keyboard or keypad to enter your passcode. If you hear “Text field is editing, Answer, insertion point at start”, you’ll need to answer two security questions. Move your focus up and down the page to hear the security questions and use the text fields to enter your responses. When you’ve entered your responses, move your focus back up the page to the “Verify Button” which is in the top right corner of the page after the “Verify Your Identity Heading” and before the “Question 1 of 2 Heading”. If your responses fail to match what Apple has on record, you’ll be met with an “Incorrect Answers” alert. Simply move your focus to the “OK button” on this alert and you can attempt to submit your security questions again. If your security question responses are not working, you might consider contacting Apple Support.

Step 7

Use the onscreen keyboard to enter a new password. Remember iCloud passwords must be 8 or more characters, include upper and lowercase letters, and include at least one number. Once you’ve created a new password, activate the “Return Button” on the onscreen keyboard. This will move your focus to the Verify field where you must re-type your new password.

Frequently Asked Questions

Question: What VoiceOver gestures do I need to know?

Just the basics. Here is a quick review of the basic gestures:

Single Finger Tap This gesture selects an item. What does that mean? Well, it moves the iOS focus to that item. Visually the item becomes outlined. However, having focus means that we can perform an action on that item. For example, to open an app in VoiceOver, you’ll first need to select it and bring the iOS focus to it.
Single Finger Drag The problem with the single finger tap is that it requires you to tap on something. For users who can’t see the screen, being able to find and tap the correct area of the screen is much more difficult. Instead, users can do a single finger drag. This will move the focus around the screen as you drag your finger. Whatever item was last announced by VoiceOver is the item that has focus. This gesture is extremely useful for finding apps, moving through controls, and using the on screen keyboard.
Single Finger Flick Left and Right Another important gesture for moving the focus around is the single finger flick. If you’re a Windows user, you can think of the single finger flick as being analogous to the Tab key. The flick will move you forwards and backwards through available items. If your focus is on the app in your home screen that is in the top left grid space, a single finger tap will move you to the next app in the top row. Continue to perform this gesture, and you’ll eventually move through all the apps on the first page of your home screen.
Single Finger Double Tap The single finger double tap is how you activate an item. This gesture is critical. You will use it to open apps, submit forms, toggle settings, and more. As you can tell from that list, exactly what this gesture will do varies depending on the active item. If the active item in an app, it will launch the app. If the active item is a hyperlink, it will send you to that page. If the active item is text, it won’t do anything!

Question: What is the iCloud password?

This is the password you typically need to enter in the App Store to download new apps. The iCloud password is not the same as your passcode. iCloud password has at least 8 characters, require both upper and lowercase letters, and have to have at least one number.

Question: What is the Passcode? And what if I don’t have one?

The Passcode is the code you enter to unlock your device. Passcodes are optional, so if you don’t use one to unlock your device, you likely don’t have one. However, if you use TouchID (your fingerprint) to unlock your phone, you have a passcode. There are three different types of passcodes: four digit numeric, custom numeric, or custom alphanumeric. Four digit numeric passcodes include four numbers, such as (0, 0, 0, 1) or (1, 2, 3, 4). Custom numeric passcodes are comprised of a variable amount of numbers, such as (1, 2, 3) or (1, 8, 2, 9, 9, 0, 4). Custom alphanumeric passcodes are comprised of a variable amount of numbers and/ or letters, such as (t, e, s, t) or (1, 2, 3, a, b, c) or (T, t, T, t, 1, 3).

Question: What are the Security Questions?

These are three questions you set up when you initially created your iCloud account. These are pre-created questions you chose and provided a response for. For example, you might have selected the question, “What was the last name of your first teacher?” and entered the answer “Smith”. When attempting to change certain iCloud settings, Apple will give you 2 of the 3 security questions to answer. Your responses to these questions need to be precise. For example, if you entered “Ms. Smith” when asked the example from above, the system would call that incorrect. Further, these responses are case sensitive, so if I submit “smith”, I would also get a failed submission.

Question: What if my password works in iTunes but doesn’t work for iCloud?

It is possible to be signed into two different iCloud accounts on a single iDevice. Your iCloud settings can be set up for one account while your iTunes settings are set up for another. This means you enter one password to download apps on your device but another to interact with your iCloud settings. This is not an ideal situation, and you should consider just using a single account for your iDevice. To check if you are signed into two accounts, go to Settings and move the focus down to iCloud. You’ll hear VoiceOver announce the associated email address, for example, when I move here, VoiceOver announces “iCloud, james.allen@vermont.gov”. Now, move down to the next option, which should be “iTunes & App Store”, in the Settings menu without activating the iCloud button we just were on. Open the iTunes & App Store menu by activating this button. Move your focus down the page until your hear your Apple ID. If this email address is different from what you heard on iCloud, you are signed in with two different accounts. As I said, it is best to sign into the same account in iCloud and iTunes, so the best course of action in this scenario is to sign out of one account and into the other. However, it is likely you’ll need to know the passwords for both accounts to make these changes.

Question: What if I need more help?

If you need additional support, I recommend checking out this article from Apple Support on changing your iCloud password. Further, you can connect with Apple accessibility support via the phone by calling 877-204-3930.

JAWS Topic: Adjusting the Speech Rate

Adjusting Speech Rate in JAWS

JAWS gives us a few different ways to increase and decrease the speaking rate. Using JAWS, we increase and decrease the speech rate using keyboard commands. However, users can also adjust the speech rate in settings. From the JAWS Toolbar (use Insert + J to switch to the JAWS Toolbar), go to Options, then Voices, then Voice Adjustment, and finally tab down to Rate.

Adjust Speech Rate with Keyboard Commands

Temporarily Increase Reading Rate Ctrl + Alt + Page Up
Temporarily Decrease Reading Rate Ctrl + Alt + Page Down
Permanently Increase Reading Rate Win + Ctrl + Alt + Page Up
Permanently Decrease Reading Rate Win + Ctrl + Alt +Page Down

Adjust Speech Rate During Say All

JAWS users can temporarily adjust the speech rate easily when using the Say All command.
Say All Insert + Down Arrow
Temporarily Increase Reading Rate Page Up
Temporarily Decrease Reading Rate Page Down

JAWS Topic: Humanware Companion

The Basics of Using the Humanware Companion with JAWS

Navigating the Program Like most Windows applications, we’ll use Tab (next) and Shift + Tab (previous) to navigate the parts of this application. Within a part, we’ll use the arrow keys to move our focus.
Navigating the File Menus Press the Alt button to move your focus to the file menus. Use the up and down arrows to extend and navigate the associated dropdown menu and use the left and right arrows to choose which menu you’d like to access.

Accessing the File Menus

Menu Description Keyboard Shortcut
File Here you’ll find a short drop down featuring refresh and exit. Alt + F
Transfer Here you’ll find a dropdown that will let you choose what types of files you’re working with, including: Talking Books, Other Books, Audible, Music, Podcasts, and Text files. Alt + T
Convert Here you’ll be able to convert audio notes and audio bookmarks. Alt + C
Online Books Here you can login to Bookshare Web service. Alt + N
Tools Here you’ll find a range of settings and options, including SD Card tools and configuration tools. Alt + L
Help Here you’ll find help resources for Humanware devices and the Humanware Companion application, and you can check for software updates. Alt + H

Humanware Companions: Parts of Interface

Part Description Function
On PC Section This is where your JAWS focus when you open the Humanware Companion. The default location on your hard drive is your Downloads folder. The books you see here are those compatible books that in that Downloads folder. In this section, use the up and down arrows to navigate through the list of books and use space bar to select and deselect items (books, podcasts, etc.) you’d like to move to your Victor Stream.
Include Zip Files Radio Button When activated, this setting will allow books inside Zip files to show up in the On PC Section. Generally, I recommend you keep this button checked. Press space to activate of deactivate this feature.
PC Location Dropdown Menu As stated above, the default file location for this application seems to be the Downloads folder. However, if you want to double check what folder on your hard drive the application is looking for books in, you can do so here. You can also use this section to change what section of your hard drive this application is looking for books in. The drop down list will include common hard drive areas, such as: desktop, downloads, and documents. Recent folders used by this application will also show up here. Use Alt + Down Arrow to open the drop down menu. Use the up and down arrow to navigate through the options on the drop down menu. Press enter on your selection.
Browse PC… Button This button has similar utility to the PC locations button in that we can use it to change what section of our hard drive we’re looking for books on. The difference here is that this button opens a Select a Folder dialog which will let us choose any folder on our hard drive. As I stated, the PC location drop down menu will only include common hard drive areas and sections used by this application before. Press enter to open the Select a Folder dialog. Use the up and down arrows to navigate folders on your hard drive. Press the right arrow to open closed folders and press the left arrow to close open folders. Press enter on your selection.
On Storage Card Section This section is a list of items that are presently on your device. Here you can select items to remove from your device. In this section, use the up and down arrows to navigate through the list of books and use space bar to select and deselect items (books, podcasts, etc.) you’d like to remove from your Victor Stream.
Select Storage Card Dropdown If you have multiple storage devices set up for the Victor Stream, here you can specify which one you’d like to manipulate. Use Alt + Down Arrow to open the drop down menu. Use the up and down arrow to navigate through the options on the drop down menu. Press enter on your selection.
Transfer/ Remove Selected Talking Books Button This button will start your transfer and/ or item removal. Press enter to activate this button.

Helpful Keystrokes in Windows 10

Opens the Quick Launch Toolbar with focus on the Windows Search bar Windows Button (Win)
Minimize all open applications Win + D
Put focus on the Windows Taskbar. Pressing the key combination again will allow you to cycle focus between open and pinned applications. Win + T
When focus is on the desktop, pressing this key/ key combination will cycle focus between the Start Menu, Desktop, Taskbar, and Notification Area. Tab/ Shift + Tab
Move between open applications. Hold Alt and move through applications by pressing tab or the arrow keys. Alt + Tab
Type Windows-Left Arrow and the active application will shift to fill
the left half of the screen. Windows-Right sends it to the right, Windows-Down places it in the middle of the screen, and Windows-Up maximizes. It’s a really handy option when you want multiple application windows neatly arranged.
Win + Arrow Keys
Exits the current application. Alt + F4
Opens up a search within the active application. Ctrl + F
Selects all text in the current application. Ctrl + A
Cuts the highlighted content and puts it on the clipboard. Ctrl + X
Copies the highlighted content and puts it on the clipboard. Ctrl + C
Pastes content from clipboard. Ctrl + V
Opens the context menu. Shift + F10
Undo an action Ctrl + Z
Bold Ctrl + B
Italicize Ctrl + I
Underline Ctrl + U
Launch application on toolbar. Number corresponds to application starting with 1 for the leftmost and increasing as you move right. Windows key + Number (e.g. 1, 2, 3, …)
Open Microsoft Security Screen. From the Security Screen, users can perform actions such as shutting down the computer or launching task manager Ctrl + Alt + Delete
Launch Task Manager Ctrl + Shift + Escape
Launch Windows Search Windows + F
Open a Windows File Explorer Window Windows + E
Open Task View Windows + Tab
Lock the computer Windows + L
Redo an action Ctrl + Y

Tips and Tricks for Working with Windows

Useful Keyboard Commands in Windows

Minimize all open applications and move your focus to the Desktop Ctrl + D
Automatically minimize, maximize, or resize the open application window Windows Button + Arrow Keys
Exit application or shut down the computer from the desktop Alt + F4

Steps for Changing Default Font Settings in Microsoft Word

1. With Microsoft Word open, use the keyboard command Ctrl + D to open up the Font menu
2. Use the settings in the Font menu to change the size, style, and font. Now, press the Set as Default button.
3. A Microsoft Word dialog box will open and ask if you’d like to set the font options you chose in the font menu to be your default. Before hitting the OK button, select the radio button so that these font options are applied to all documents using the normal template.

Steps for Pinning Icons to the Start Menu

1. Find the icon you’d like to pin to the start menu either on the desktop, taskbar, or in the program files.
2. Right click on the icon to open up the context menu.
3. Choose”Pin to Start Menu”.

Steps for Saving as a PDF in Microsoft Word

1. With Microsoft Word open, go to the file menu.
2. Choose Save as Adobe PDF. This will open up a typical save file explorer dialog as when saving in other formats. Note that if you try to save as a pdf prior to saving the document, Word will have you save a .docx first.

Steps for Scanning with Adobe

1. With Adobe open, go to the file menu.
2. Select Create.
3. Select PDF from Scanner.
4. Select Autodetect Color Mode
5. After the scan is complete, a dialog box will open and ask if you’re scan is complete or if you’d like to scan another page. If you need to scan another page after selecting your scan was complete, you’ll need to go to Enhance, then Insert, and then add another page.

Using Dragon NaturallySpeaking with JAWS using J-Dictate

Learning to Use J-Dictate

The majority of the content from this guide comes from the user manual for J-Dictate. That document can be downloaded by using the link below.
J-Dictate User Guide

Starting J-Dictate

To use Dragon with JAWS, you’ll need both programs installed along with the J-Dictate software. You will also need a headset microphone.
With JAWS running, launch Dragon. When Dragon is fully loaded, JAWS will announce “The computer is ready for you to talk to it”.
Check Microphone Status Alt + Windows + M
Start and stop Dictation Alt + Windows + F11
You can also start dictation by saying “Listen to me” or “Wake up” and you can stop dictation by saying “Go to sleep” or “Stop Listening”.

Dictation Exercise 1 – Starting Dictation

Open Microsoft Word by starting dictation and saying, “Open Word”. Make all the following statements and then explore the document using JAWS.
“This morning comma” (stop dictating)
“I went for a walk in the park full-stop” (stop dictating)
“The sun was shining comma” (stop dictating)
“The birds were singing” (stop dictating)
“And I enjoyed my walk very much full-stop. New-paragraph” (stop dictating and J-Dictate will confirm that a new paragraph has been created.)
“When I reached home comma” (stop dictating)
“I wrote to my friend Mary full-stop.” (stop dictating)
“I wanted to tell her” (stop dictating)
“About all the exciting places” (stop dictating)
“I had recently visited full-stop.” (stop dictating)
How did it go? Did Dragon have any recognition errors? In this example, how did we add punctuation and returns?
Add a period Say “Period” or “Full stop”
Add a comma Say “Comma”
Start on the next line Say “New line”
Start on a new paragraph (go down two lines) Say “New Paragraph”

Dictation Exercise 2 – Using the Correction Box

1. Dictate a sentence including a word which you feel confident the system will not understand.
2. Listen back to the dictation, and when you hear an incorrect word use the command “correct” followed by the misrecognized word. For example, you dictate the phrase “Good morning Terry” and J-Dictate speaks back “Good morning Kerry”. Now use the command “Correct Kerry”.
3. This command invokes the “Correction Box”, and J-Dictate will say “Box Ready”. The “Correction Box” consists of a dialog box with up to a maximum of 9 possible choices which the software thinks the misrecognized word could be.
4. To browse through the list of choices, press the “Tab” Key once and focus will be placed in the List Box. Now, use the “Up/Down Arrow” Keys to review the choices in the list.
5. As you move through the available choices, you will hear each alternative spoken and spelled. This is important so as to understand whether words have been capitalized.
6. When a desired choice has been located, press “Enter”. The selected choice will be placed in the document and you will be returned to where you were prior to activating the correction system.
7. In situations where the word or phrase does not exist in the list of choices, the desired choice can be typed or spelled out using your voice. Press Shift+Tab from the list of choices so that focus is set to the first control in the Dialog box which is an Edit Field. You can spell or type the words or phrase into the Edit Field which is now in focus.
8. You can now if you wish press the JAWS Key+Up Arrow: once to read the current line and twice quickly to spell it.
9. Once spelled out or typed correctly press Enter and the word or phrase will be placed into the document.

Dictation Commands

Say Function
“new line” Press the Enter key once
“new paragraph” Press the Enter key twice, capitalize next word.
“cap” Type with an initial capital
“caps on” Start typing words with initial capitals
“caps off” Stop typing words with initial capitals
“all caps” Type in all uppercase
“all caps on” Start typing words in all uppercase
“all caps off” Stop typing words in all uppercase
“no caps “ Type in all lowercase
“no caps on” Start typing words in all lowercase
“no caps off” Stop typing words in all lowercase
“no space “ Do not put a space before
“no space on” Stop putting spaces between words
“no space off” Start putting spaces between words
“numeral” Enter the next numbers stated as Arabic numerals (1,2,3 …)
“Roman numeral” Enter the next numbers stated as Roman numerals (i, ii, iii …)

Closing J-Dictate

In order to close down Dragon NaturallySpeaking, please do the following:
1. Press Control + Shift + F12 to enter the Dragon NaturallySpeaking menu system.
2. Press “Up Arrow” once.
3. The menu item now in focus is entitled “Exit”. Press “Enter” on this item. Dragon NaturallySpeaking will be closed down and the Speech Files will be successfully saved.

J-Dictate Help

You can open the J-Dictate Help menu by pressing Alt + Windows + H.
This menu allows users to change key settings important to various J-Dictate functions

JAWS Topic: File Explorer Questions

Saving PDF Documents

Open the PDF document in Adobe Reader
Save the PDF onto your computer by using the Save As command (Ctrl + Shift + S)
Navigate the Windows File Explorer dialog using tab and the arrow keys. Change the section of your Computer’s memory by navigating to Tree View. Access files and folders in the Shell Folder View section.
Confirm your location and file name by navigating to the Save button and hitting enter. Pressing enter in the File name field will also save the document.

Create a New Folder in Windows File Explorer

Open Windows File Explorer
In the Shell Folder view section of the file explorer dialog, use the create new folder command (Ctrl + Shift + N).
A new folder will be created and computer focus will be in the text field for naming the folder.

Retrieve a File from Windows File Explorer

Navigate the Windows File Explorer dialog using tab and the arrow keys. Change the section of your Computer’s memory by navigating to Tree View. Access files and folders in the Shell Folder View section.
Confirm your location and file name by navigating to the Save button and hitting enter. Pressing enter in the File name field will also save the document.

Send Text from Openbook via Outlook

Open the file you would like to share in OpenBook.
Use the select all command (Ctrl + A) to select all the text on the current page of the document. Use the copy command (Ctrl + C) to copy the selected text to the clipboard.
Use the task switcher command (Alt + Tab) to switch from OpenBook to your Outlook email.
Use the paste command (Ctrl + V) to paste the copied text from OpenBook into the Outlook email.

Send a file from Openbook via Outlook

In an Outlook email, press Alt to move into the ribbon, and then press N to open the Insert tab. Move to Attach file by pressing tab and then press enter.
Navigate the Windows File Explorer dialog using tab and the arrow keys. Change the section of your Computer’s memory by navigating to Tree View. Access files and folders in the Shell Folder View section.

Find a Removable Drive

Open a new Windows File Explorer window with the keyboard command Windows Key + E.
The File Explorer dialog will open in the Computer section. Use the up and down arrow keys to see the storage devices attached to your computer.

Move files to a Removable Drive

In file explorer, navigate to the folder or file you’d like to move to your removable disk.
On th folder or file, use the Context key to open up the context menu.
Use the up and down arrow keys to navigate the context menu until you find Send to. Press enter to open the send to options.
Use the up and down arrow keys to navigate the send to options. Find removable disk.

Gestures in Android TalkBack

Basic Navigation

Previous item Swipe left
Next item Swipe right
Activate an item Double tap

Scrolling

Swipe left then right Scroll back
Swipe right then left Scroll forward

Advanced Navigation

Previous navigation setting Swipe up
Next navigation setting Swipe down
Move to the first item on the screen Swipe up then down
Move to the last item on the screen Swipe down then up
Open notifications Swipe right then down

Buttons and Menus

Open local context menu Swipe up then right
Home button Swipe up then left
Open global context menu Swipe down then right
Back button Swipe down then left
Overview button Swipe left then up

Web Browsing with VoiceOver for MacOS

Web Browsing with VoiceOver

Using VoiceOver to access the web is very similar to accessing the web with other screen reading programs. Users will navigate the page by HTML elements, such as: headings, links, form controls, and more.

Note that this guide uses the abbreviation “VO” to represent the VoiceOver button(s). Any time you see VO, you can use either Caps Lock or Control + Option (depending on your settings).

Safari Commands

Safari Address Bar Command + L
Previous Page in Safari Command + Left Arrow
Next Page Command + Right Arrow
Brower Menu VO + M

Web Item Rotor

Open Rotor VO + U
Close Rotor Escape
Next Window Right Arrow
Previous Window Left Arrow
One List Item Down Down Arrow
One List Item Up Up Arrow
Go to Item Enter or Return
Read After Item VO + A

Navigate by Page Elements

Previous Heading Shift + VO + Command + H
Next Heading VO + Command + H
Previous Link Shift + VO + Command + L
Next Link VO + Command + L
Previous Image Shift + VO + Command + I
Next Image  VO + Command + I
Previous Form Control Shift + VO + Command + J
Next Form Control VO + Command + J
Previous Frame Shift + VO + Command + M
Next Frame VO + Command + M
Previous List Shift + VO + Command + X
Next List VO + Command + X

Quick Navigation

Navigating by element using VoiceOver can get a little keyboard combination heavy. So, for those who wish to utilize this functionality without using all their fingers at once, there is a feature called “Quick Navigation”. Quick Navigation (or “Quick Nav”) has to be activated in the VoiceOver Utility.
Open VoiceOver Utility VO + F8
Previous Heading Shift + H
Next Heading H
Previous Link Shift + L
Next Link L
Previous Image Shift + I
Next Image I
Previous Form Control Shift + J
Next Form Control J
Previous Frame Shift + M
Next Frame M
Previous List Shift + X
Next List X